An abundant chromosomal protein that binds to damaged DNA prevents cancer development by enhancing DNA repair, researchers at University of Texas reported Monday on-line in the Proceedings of the National Academies of Science.

In a series of new experiments reported in the paper, the researchers tracked the protein`s impact on all three steps of DNA restoration: access to damage, repair and repackaging of the original structure, a combination of DNA and his tone proteins called chromatin.

Identification and repair of DNA damage is the front-line defense against the birth and reproduction of mutant cells that cause cancer and other illnesses.

However, pinpointing HMGB1`s role in repair raises a fundamental question about drugs under development to block the protein. The protein also plays a role in inflammation, so it`s being targeted in drugs under development for rheumatoid arthritis and sepsis.

"Arthritis therapy involves long-term treatment," said senior author Karen Vasquez. "Our findings suggest that depleting this protein may leave patients more vulnerable to developing cancer."

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